TCM Diagnosis and Treatment of Menstrual Disorders in Adolescence
Adolescent menstrual disorders typically occur in unmarried individuals under age 25, commonly manifesting as early, late, or irregular menstruation. Differential diagnosis and treatment are as follows.
Kidney Yin Deficiency
Often presents with early menstruation, sometimes irregular timing. Accompanied by lumbar-sacral soreness, dizziness, blurred vision, dry mouth and throat, thirst for cold drinks, constipation; thin white or scanty tongue coating, slightly red tongue, fine rapid or string-like fine rapid pulse. Treatment: Nourishing yin, suppressing yang, regulating menstruation. Formula: Er Di Tang, Er Zhi Wan combined with Gu Jing Wan with modifications: Scrophularia ningpoensis, Rehmannia glutinosa (raw), White Peony Root, Lycium barbarum, Ligustrum lucidum, Eclipta prostrata, Moutan Bark, Phellodendron amurense, Tortoise Shell, Prunus mume seed, Cyperus rotundus, Cornus officinalis.
Kidney Yang Deficiency
Commonly presents with late menstruation, sometimes irregular timing. Accompanied by weakness in waist and knees, dizziness, heaviness in body, loose stools or morning diarrhea, abundant white vaginal discharge resembling water, poor appetite, cold aversion, edema; thin white tongue coating, pale red tongue or tooth marks, deep fine pulse. Treatment: Warming and tonifying kidney yang, enhancing vital fire. Formula: You Gui Wan, Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang with modifications: Yam, Rehmannia glutinosa (prepared), Prepared Aconite Root, Epimedium brevicornu, Psoralea corylifolia, Dodder Seed, Eucommia ulmoides, Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Angelica sinensis, Poria, Lycium barbarum, Eucommia ulmoides.
Combined Kidney Yin-Yang Deficiency
Often presents with early menstruation, accompanied by soreness in waist and knees, fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath, loose stools or unsatisfactory bowel movements, or edema; thin white tongue coating, swollen tender tongue with tooth marks, deep fine weak pulse. Treatment: Nourishing yin and tonifying yang, harmonizing Chong and Ren vessels. Formula: Bao Yin Jian, Gu Yin Jian, Shen Qi Wan with modifications: Rehmannia glutinosa (raw), White Peony Root, Phellodendron amurense, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Codonopsis pilosula, Cinnamomum cassia, Yam, Cornus officinalis, Dodder Seed, Rehmannia glutinosa (prepared), Ligustrum lucidum, Eucommia ulmoides, Psoralea corylifolia.
Liver-Kidney Yin Deficiency
Commonly presents with early or irregular menstruation, accompanied by chest and rib distension, poor appetite, belching, acid regurgitation, irritability, hot flushes, soreness in waist and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, constipation, insomnia, forgetfulness; thin yellow or white tongue coating, red tongue, fine pulse. Treatment: Nourishing kidney and liver, nourishing blood and harmonizing blood. Formula: Yi Guan Jian, Hei Xiao Yao San with modifications: Rehmannia glutinosa (raw), Lycium barbarum, Ophiopogon japonicus, Adenophora stricta, Angelica sinensis, Ligustrum lucidum, Bupleurum chinense, White Peony Root, Rehmannia glutinosa (prepared), Asparagus cochinchinensis, Dodder Seed, Polygonatum sibiricum, Prepared Fo-ti.
Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency
Commonly presents with late or irregular menstruation, accompanied by dizziness, blurred vision, fatigue, soreness in waist and knees, cold limbs, or edema, loose stools; thin white tongue coating, pale swollen tongue with tooth marks, deep fine weak or slippery fine pulse. Treatment: Warming spleen and kidney, promoting yang and harmonizing blood. Formula: You Gui Wan, Shi Quan Da Bu Tang with modifications: Rehmannia glutinosa (prepared), Yam, Dodder Seed, Eucommia ulmoides, Cornus officinalis, Cinnamomum cassia, Prepared Aconite Root, Deer Antler Gelatin, Ligusticum wallichii, Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Poria, Atractylodes macrocephala, Licorice root.
Phlegm and Blood Stasis Obstruction
Commonly presents with late menstruation, sometimes irregular timing. Accompanied by chest oppression, headache, vomiting, dizziness, irritability, nausea, constipation, sallow complexion, or dark purple menstrual blood with clots, lower abdominal distension or tenderness on palpation; greasy thin tongue coating, dark purple tongue or ecchymotic spots, deep slippery or deep wiry涩pulse. Treatment: Resolving blood stasis, transforming phlegm, regulating qi, dispersing nodules. Formula: Tao Hong Si Wu Tang, Er Chen Tang with modifications: Peach Kernel, Safflower, Ligusticum wallichii, Angelica sinensis, Cyperus rotundus, Citrus aurantium, Pinellia ternata, White Mustard Seed, Tangerine Peel, Poria, Radish Seed, Achyranthes bidentata, Coix seed.